ASN Aircraft accident Saab 340B PH-KSH Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport (AMS)
ASN logo
 
 
Status:Accident investigation report completed and information captured
Date:Monday 4 April 1994
Time:14:46
Type:Silhouette image of generic SF34 model; specific model in this crash may look slightly different
Saab 340B
Operator:KLM Cityhopper
Registration: PH-KSH
MSN: 340B-195
First flight: 1990-05-19 (3 years 11 months)
Total airframe hrs:6558
Engines: 2 General Electric CT7-9B
Crew:Fatalities: 1 / Occupants: 3
Passengers:Fatalities: 2 / Occupants: 21
Total:Fatalities: 3 / Occupants: 24
Aircraft damage: Destroyed
Aircraft fate: Written off (damaged beyond repair)
Location:Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport (AMS) (   Netherlands)
Crash site elevation: -3 m (-10 feet) amsl
Phase: Landing (LDG)
Nature:International Scheduled Passenger
Departure airport:Amsterdam-Schiphol International Airport (AMS/EHAM), Netherlands
Destination airport:Cardiff-Wales Airport (CWL/EGFF), United Kingdom
Flightnumber:KL433
Narrative:
KLM Cityhopper flight 433 took off from runway 24 at Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport, the Netherlands for a 1 hour and 18 minute flight to Cardiff, U.K. Eleven minutes after takeoff, at 14:30 hours local time, the flight passed FL165, climbing to FL200 when the Master Warning was triggered by the no. 2 engine oil pressure light. The Master Warning was reset and the captain retarded the no. 2 engine power lever slowly to flight idle, causing the engine torque to decrease from 78% to 10%. Retarding the power lever is not part of the Emergency Checklist (ECL) procedure. Possibly this was done to prevent damage to the right-hand engine. The ECL Engine Oil Pressure Low procedure was then started. The ECL states that the engine must be shut down if the oil pressure warning light is on and oil pressure below 30psi. If the warning light is on and the engine oil pressure is above 30psi, normal operation should be continued. As the no. 2 engine pressure was above 50psi, both flight crew members agreed normal operation should be continued. The captain didn't want to continue to Cardiff and elected to return to Amsterdam. At 14:33 Amsterdam Radar was contacted with a PAN-call and a request to maintain FL160 and return to Amsterdam. One minute later a clearance was received to descend to FL70. KL433 was offered a straight in approach for either runway 06 or runway 01R. The captain decided to use runway 06 and was cleared to descend to 2000 feet. Landing clearance was given at 14:42 and one minute later the ILS localizer and glide slope were intercepted. The captain, not realising the consequences of flying with one engine in flight idle and was not able to anticipate correctly on the airspeed variations which resulted in an approach not stabilized in power, airspeed and pitch during the final approach. The speed had decreased to 115 knots and the crew reacted by applying an aggressive increase in torque (from 40% to 65%) with limited corrections for asymmetry. This placed the aircraft to the right of the extended centreline at an altitude of 90 feet. At 14:45:53 the captain called for a go-around and no. 1 engine torque was set at 98% with the no. 2 engine remaining at flight idle. Flaps were set at 7 degrees and the gear was retracted. The aircraft rolled right and pitched up to a maximum of 12 degrees. The stall warning system activated as the airspeed decreased and continued until impact. The Saab struck the ground with an approx. 80 degree right bank and broke up.

Probable Cause:

PROBABLE CAUSES: "Inadequate use of the flight controls during an asymmetric go around resulting in loss of control.
Contributing factors: Insufficient understanding of the flight crew of the SAAB 340B engine oil system; lack of awareness of the consequences of an aircraft configuration with one engine in flight idle; poor crew resource management."

Accident investigation:

cover
Investigating agency: Raad vd Luchtvaart
Status: Investigation completed
Duration: 1 year and 6 months
Accident number: final report
Download report: Final report

Classification:
Loss of control

Follow-up / safety actions

RvdL issued 5 Safety Recommendations

Show all...

Photos

photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
accident date: 04-04-1994
type: Saab 340B
registration: PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
accident date: 04-04-1994
type: Saab 340B
registration: PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
accident date: 04-04-1994
type: Saab 340B
registration: PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
Seat map Saab 340B PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
accident date: 04-04-1994
type: Saab 340B
registration: PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
accident date: 04-04-1994
type: Saab 340B
registration: PH-KSH
photo of Saab-340B-PH-KSH
accident date: 04-04-1994
type: Saab 340B
registration: PH-KSH
 

Map
This map shows the airport of departure and the intended destination of the flight. The line between the airports does not display the exact flight path.
Distance from Amsterdam-Schiphol International Airport to Cardiff-Wales Airport as the crow flies is 562 km (351 miles).
Accident location: Exact; as reported in the official accident report.

This information is not presented as the Flight Safety Foundation or the Aviation Safety Network’s opinion as to the cause of the accident. It is preliminary and is based on the facts as they are known at this time.
languages: languages

Share

Saab 340

  • 459 built
  • 3rd loss
  • The first fatal accident
  • The worst accident (at the time)
  • 4th worst accident (currently)
» safety profile

 Netherlands
  • 32nd worst accident (at the time)
  • 35th worst accident (currently)
» safety profile

The Aviation Safety Network is an exclusive service provided by:
Quick Links:

CONNECT WITH US: FSF on social media FSF Facebook FSF Twitter FSF Youtube FSF LinkedIn FSF Instagram

©2024 Flight Safety Foundation

1920 Ballenger Av, 4th Fl.
Alexandria, Virginia 22314
www.FlightSafety.org