Vliegtuigongeval op 12 MAY 2010 met Airbus A330-202 5A-ONG - Tripoli International Airport (TIP)
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Status:Accident investigation report completed and information captured
Datum:woensdag 12 mei 2010
Tijd:06:01
Type:Silhouette image of generic A332 model; specific model in this crash may look slightly different
Airbus A330-202
Luchtvaartmaatschappij:Afriqiyah Airways
Registratie: 5A-ONG
Constructienummer: 1024
Bouwjaar: 2009-08-12 (9 months)
Aantal vlieguren:2175
Aantal vluchten:572
Motoren: 2 General Electric CF6-80E1A4B
Bemanning:slachtoffers: 11 / inzittenden: 11
Passagiers:slachtoffers: 92 / inzittenden: 93
Totaal:slachtoffers: 103 / inzittenden: 104
Schade: Vernield
Gevolgen: Written off (damaged beyond repair)
Plaats:ca 0,9 km W of Tripoli International Airport (TIP) (   Libië)
Fase: Nadering (APR)
Soort vlucht:Internationale lijnvlucht
Vliegveld van vertrek:Johannesburg-O.R. Tambo International Airport (JNB/FAOR), Zuid-Afrika
Vliegveld van aankomst:Tripoli International Airport (TIP/HLLT), Libië
Vluchtnummer:8U771
Beschrijving:
Afriqiyah Airways flight 771, an Airbus A330-202, crashed on approach to Tripoli International Airport, Libya. There were 11 crew members and 93 passengers on board. One passenger survived the accident.
On May 11, 2010 at 19:45 UTC, the aircraft departed Johannesburg-O.R. Tambo International Airport (JNB), South Africa on an international passenger flight to Tripoli. The co-pilot was pilot flying. The en route part of the flight was uneventful.
The captain contacted the Tripoli ACC controller at 05:29 local time (02:29 UTC) and received clearance direct to Tripoli for a TW locator approach to runway 09. Weather was reported as: wind calm, visibility 6 km, clear sky, temperature/dew point 19/17°C, QNH 1008. After receiving further descent clearances, the crew contacted the Tripoli Tower controller at 05:58. Tripoli Tower cleared the aircraft to continue the approach and to report runway in sight.
The flight then received information from a flight that had landed ahead of them, informing the accident crew about fog patches noticed during short final.
At 06:00 the flight passed the TW locator beacon at an altitude of 1000 feet, 200 ft below the prescribed altitude. The captain then informed ATC that he would report when runway in sight. The approach was continued below the Minimum Descent Altitude of 620 feet but the crew still did not have the runway in sight. At an altitude of 280 feet the GPWS sounded ('too low terrain'). The captain then instructed the co-pilot to execute a go-around, after which he informed the Tower controller. The aircraft began to climb, reaching an altitude of 450 feet above ground level. The Airbus then nosed down, causing the captain to take priority over the flight controls by pushing on priority button and the aircraft was fully under the captain's control who applied a sharp nose down input. The captain did not verbally state that he was taking control. He applied a pitch-up and a pitch-down input on his stick until the airplane impacted the ground 1200 m from the threshold of runway 09 with high energy (-4400 ft/min) and high longitudinal velocity (260 kts).
The aircraft broke up, leaving an 800 m long wreckage trail.

Probable Cause:

PROBABLE CAUSE:
A final approach carried out in common managed guidance mode should have relieved the crew of their tasks. The limited coordination and cooperation between the two crew members, especially the change into vertical selected guidance mode by the PF, probably led to a lack of a common action plan.
The lack of feedback from the 28 April 2010 flight, flown by the same crew on the same aircraft, did not allow them to anticipate the potential risks associated with managing non-precision approaches.
The pilots' performance was likely impaired because of fatigue, but the extent of their impairment and the degree to which it contributed to the performance deficiencies that occurred during the flight cannot be conclusively determined.
During the go-around, the crew was surprised not to acquire visual references. On one hand the crew feared exceeding the aircraft’s speed limits in relation to its configuration, and on the other hand they were feeling the effects of somatogravic illusion due to the aircraft acceleration. This probably explains the aircraft handling inputs, mainly nose-down inputs, applied during the go-around. These inputs were not consistent with what is expected in this flight phase. The degraded CRM did not make it possible for either crew member to identify and recover from the situation before the collision with the ground, even when the TAWS warnings were activated close to the ground.
Based on elements from the investigation, the accident resulted from:
- The lack of common action plan during the approach and a final approach continued below the MDA, without ground visual reference acquired.
- The inappropriate application of flight control inputs during a go- around and on the activation of TAWS warnings,
- The lack of monitoring and controlling of the flight path.

These events can be explained by the following factors:
- Limited CRM on approach that degraded during the missed approach. This degradation was probably amplified by numerous radio-communications during the final approach and the crew’s state of fatigue,
- Aircraft control inputs typical in the occurrence of somatogravic perceptual illusions,
- Inappropriate systematic analysis of flight data and feedback mechanism within the AFRIQIYAH Airways.
- Non adherence to the company operation manual, SOP and standard terminology.

In addition, the investigation committee found the following as contributing factors to the accident:
- Weather available to the crew did not reflect the actual weather situation in the final approach segment at Tripoli International Airport.
- In adequacy of training received by the crew.
- Occupancy of tower frequency by both air and ground movements control.

Accident investigation:

cover
Investigating agency: CAA Libya
Status: Investigation completed
Duration: 2 years and 10 months
Accident number: Final report
Download report: Final report

Bronnen:
» SKYbrary 
» Afriqiyah statement

METAR Weather report:
03:50 UTC / 05:20 local time:
HLLT 120350Z VRB01KT 6000 NSC 19/17 Q1008=
03:50 UTC; Winds variable at 1 knot; visibility 6000 m; Temperature 19°C; Dew point 17°C; Ceiling unlimited; 1008 hPa

04:20 UTC / 06:20 local time:
HLLT 120420Z 27007KT 5000 BR NSC 19/17 Q1009=
04:20 UTC; Winds 270 degrees at 7 knots; visibility 5000 m; Temperature 19°C; Dew point 17°C; Ceiling unlimited; 1009 hPa


Veiligheidsmaatregelen

LYCAA issued 21 Safety Recommendations

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Foto's

photo of Airbus-A330-202-5A-ONG
accident date: 12-05-2010
type: Airbus A330-202
registration: 5A-ONG
photo of Airbus-A330-202-5A-ONG
accident date: 12-05-2010
type: Airbus A330-202
registration: 5A-ONG
photo of Airbus-A330-202-5A-ONG
accident date: 12-05-2010
type: Airbus A330-202
registration: 5A-ONG
 

Kaart
Deze kaart geeft het vliegveld van vetrek weer en de geplande bestemming van de vlucht. De lijn tussen de vliegvelden geeft niet de exacte vliegroute weer.
De afstand tussen Johannesburg-O.R. Tambo International Airport en Tripoli International Airport bedraagt 6709 km (4193 miles).
Accident location: Approximate; accuracy within a few kilometers.

This information is not presented as the Flight Safety Foundation or the Aviation Safety Network’s opinion as to the cause of the accident. It is preliminary and is based on the facts as they are known at this time.
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Airbus A330

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