Issued: -- | To: ALIANSA Colombia | REC. 01-202130-1 |
Improve the contents of the Training Manual, Operations Manual, Standard Operating Procedures, and other applicable documents to establish and standardize training and operational techniques and procedures, including aspects related to flight planning and execution, in order to minimize risks, particularly those that can lead to CFIT, such as:
Use of onboard equipment that prevents CFIT events (weather radar, radio altimeter, VOR, ADF, GPS).
Adequate interpretation and use of Navigation Charts.
Comprehensive and proper planning of flights by the crew for each training and operational flight.
Reinforce the CRM program and include training to avoid CFIT events (CFIT Precursors and Defenses).
Strengthen the Operational Safety Management System, especially in hazard detection and risk management for each training or operational flight.
The aim of this Recommendation, among others, is to ensure knowledge and application of IFR procedures, raise situational awareness among crews, and prevent the recurrence of similar accidents.
It is recommended to use the references contained on the page: https://skybrary.aero/articles/cfit-precursors-and-defences |
Issued: -- | To: ALIANSA Colombia | REC. 02-202130-1 |
Improve the content of the Training Manual by adding syllabi for each shift or instructional flight, describing, among other aspects, the requirements, safety conditions, maneuvers to be performed, training sequence, evaluation criteria, etc., so that training is carried out in a standardized and safe manner. |
Issued: -- | To: ALIANSA Colombia | REC. 03-202130-1 |
Establish a Risk Mitigation Strategies system for each operation individually, considering all intervening factors, allowing for appropriate decision-making on the best way to carry out an operation. For this purpose, it is recommended to use a format such as the FRAT "Flight Risk Assessment Tool" or a similar one: https://www.faasafety.gov/gslac/alc/lib_categoryview.aspx?categoryId=31 |
Issued: -- | To: ALIANSA Colombia | REC. 04-202130-1 |
Strengthen crews\' knowledge, require them to follow and control the compliance with instrument flight procedures, including:
Formality and integrity in completing and processing the Flight Plan.
Methodical and sequential planning and execution of IFR procedures to be performed.
Study and application of standard procedures, SIDs, STARs, and others.
Formal requirement for any authorization received for an IFR flight.
Early and timely configuration of onboard aids, frequency selection, code adjustment, activation, and transponder verification.
Use of standard, complete, and clear phraseology in communications. |
Issued: -- | To: ALIANSA Colombia | REC. 05-202130-1 |
Strengthen crews\' situational awareness, alertness, and compliance with standards through training, workshops, and case studies, to properly manage the risks inherent in the operation under all conditions, considering the company\'s operational environment and the limitations of aircraft for IFR flights. |
Issued: -- | To: Secretaría de Servicios a la Navegación Aérea | REC. 06-202130-1 |
Strengthen the knowledge of IFR procedures in ATS and AIS/AD personnel, require and control their compliance, including:
Formality and rigor in receiving and processing the Flight Plan.
Application and enforcement of standard procedures, SIDs, STARs, and others.
Timely provision, usually before starting the flight, of a complete IFR authorization for every IFR flight, and formal requirement for total compliance by the crew.
Timely assignment of the transponder code to every flight and positive verification of response; for IFR flights, always before starting the flight.
Immediate transfer of aircraft control, once it is airborne, from aerodrome control to approach control when instrument flight conditions prevail in the vicinity of the aerodrome.
Strict observance of radar surveillance techniques and procedures to anticipate and promptly detect aircraft deviations.
Use of standard, complete, and clear phraseology in communications. |
Issued: -- | To: Secretaría de Servicios a la Navegación Aérea | REC. 07-202130-1 |
Establish the mandatory configuration of radar surveillance display screens for all Control and Flight Information positions where there is a surveillance radar presentation so that the screens can have a complete situation presentation, including runways, radio aids, maps, distances, AMA, MVA, MORA, MSA, SIDs, STARs, MEA, among others, to provide the Control with sufficient tools for proper decision-making. |
Issued: -- | To: Secretaría de Servicios a la Navegación Aérea | REC. 08-202130-1 |
Ensure that all clocks of devices located in control facilities, including those of recording equipment, are synchronized to comply with Annex 11 to ICAO, Air Traffic Services, Chapter 2, Paragraph 2.25, 2.25.3, in the sense that the clocks in air traffic service facilities and other devices for recording time must be checked as necessary to ensure they show the exact time, with a tolerance of ±30 seconds with respect to UTC. |
Issued: -- | To: Secretaría de Autoridad Aeronáutica | REC. 09-202130-1 |
Direct aviation companies with Main Base or Auxiliary Base at Vanguardia Airport (SKVV) in Villavicencio, and whose crews have defined IFR qualifications, to carry out a theoretical-practical review (in a simulator, training device, or aircraft) and standardize the Operator\'s techniques and procedures to comply with:
Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) and Standard Terminal Arrivals (STARs) to Vanguardia.
Standardized approaches to Vanguardia.
VOR Approach to Vanguardia.
Testing and use of onboard navigation equipment: NAV, DME, COMM, Transponder.
Use of standard, formal, complete, and clear aeronautical phraseology.
IFR operational risk analysis, prevention of CFIT in the Villavicencio area. |
Issued: -- | To: Secretaría de Autoridad Aeronáutica | REC. 10-202130-1 |
Conduct an inspection of the Meteorological Services provided by IDEAM to verify the delivery method of METAR reports and prevent the issuance of incorrect and/or incomplete information. This, considering the omission of horizontal visibility towards the quadrant where VCSH was located in the METAR at the time of the accident. |
Issued: -- | To: Secretaría de Autoridad Aeronáutica | REC. 11-202130-1 |
Disseminate this Investigation Report to Non-Regular Aviation and General Aviation operators, as well as to air operators with their main, auxiliary, or temporary base at Vanguardia Airport (SKVV), so that they apply the recommendations, as appropriate, and take the Report into account to enhance their Operational Safety Management Systems. |
Issued: 20-SEP-2021 | To: Aerocivil, Dirección Servicios a la Navegación Aérea (DSNA) | REC - IMD. 202130-02-GIA |
Mandate the mandatory configuration of radar control displays at all control and flight information positions where an ATS service level is established using data from surveillance sensors (radar, ADS-B, etc.) with minimum dynamic and static data to ensure the provision of the corresponding service (control, separation, information) and that may be considered necessary for the correct situation presentation, such as:
Location of airports and radio aids.
Display of airspace and control sectors.
Display of AMA, MVA altitudes.
Natural and artificial obstacles affecting service provision.
Populated areas, rivers, dams, geographical features of interest.
Display of procedures: SIDs, STARs, final approach courses (LOC). |
Issued: 20-SEP-2021 | To: Dirección de Telecomunicaciones y Ayudas a la Navegación Aérea | REC - IMD. 202130-03-GIA |
Enforce the synchronization of time on all clocks of all devices located in control facilities, including the recording equipment of Communication, Surveillance (radar, ADS-B, etc.) systems, CCTV security cameras in UTC time, all of them slaves to a master clock.
For the formulation of these recommendations, the following has been taken into account:
ICAO Document 4444 - Minimum Altitudes, paragraph 8.6.8.1.
ICAO Document 4444 - Chapter 6, Coordination and ATS Surveillance Services. Paragraphs 6.3.2.2.1, 6.3.2.2.2, 6.3.2.2.3, 6.3.2.2.4.
ICAO Document 4444 - Chapter 8, Situation Presentation, paragraphs 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.2.3, 8.2.4.
Annex 11 to the ICAO Convention, Air Traffic Services, paragraph 2.25.3.
ATS Surveillance Services Guide Manual Colombia, GSAN key 1.3-005-001 2. |
Issued: 20-SEP-2021 | To: Secretaría de Autoridad Aeronáutica | REC. IMD. 202130-01-GIA |
Direct aviation companies with Main Base or Auxiliary Base at Vanguardia Airport (SKVV) in Villavicencio, and whose crews have defined IFR qualifications, to carry out a theoretical-practical review (in a simulator, training device, or aircraft) and standardize Operator techniques and procedures to comply with:
Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) from Vanguardia.
Standard Terminal Arrivals (STARs) to Vanguardia.
VOR Approach to Vanguardia.
Testing and use of onboard navigation equipment: NAV, DME, COMM, Transponder.
Use of standard, formal, complete, and clear aeronautical phraseology.
IFR operational risk analysis, prevention of CFIT in the Villavicencio area.
The aim of this recommendation is to ensure knowledge and application of local IFR procedures, raise situational awareness among crews, and prevent the recurrence of similar accidents. If the review is conducted in aircraft, it is recommended to do so in VMC. |