Narrative:
The Invicta International Airlines Vickers Vanguard was operating on a charter flight from Bristol (BRS) to Basle Mulhouse (BSL). After entering the Basle Mulhouse terminal area, the flight was cleared to continue to the BN NDB. Weather was poor at that time: cloud base at 120 m (390 feet) and a reported runway visual range of 700 (2300 feet) and 1300 m (4250 feet). On arrival at the BN beacon the crew were cleared to descend to 2500 feet and were asked to report over the MN beacon before making a 90 degree left hand turn to finals for runway 16. At 09:56 the crew reported at 2500 feet, followed by a position report of the MN beacon at 09:57:40. When on finals over the BN beacon, the crew reported turning outbound and said they would report at the MN beacon again for another approach. When the crew reported overhead the BN beacon again, the plane was in fact overhead the airfield, flying parallel to the ILS localizer beam. After 1,5 minute the aircraft began to overshoot, correctly making an initial turn to the west. The crew, now flying well south of the field, were instructed to report back over the MN beacon. When reporting over the MN beacon again, before it would have to turn left for finals, the plane was in fact overhead the BS beacon, a beacon located to the south of runway 16. At 10:11:25 the crew reported over the BN beacon on finals and was cleared to land. In fact the plane was now flying 3 miles South of the field and 1 mile west of the extended centerline. Two miles further on Basle ATC asked the crew "Are you sure you are over the BN?". The captain replied "I think I've got a spurious indication. We are on the LO... on the ILS now, sir". Half a minute later the captain radioed "BN is established on localizer and glide path; the ADF's all over the place in this weather." Last radio contact was when the captain reported at 1400 feet, to which ATC replied that the flight was probably to the south of the airport. At 10:13 the plane brushed against a wooded range of hills and crashed 15 km from the airport. The aircraft disintegrated, except for the tail section, were most of the survivors were found.
PROBABLE CAUSE: "A loss of orientation during two ILS approaches carried out under instrument flight conditions. The following factors contributed to the occurrence of the accident:
1) inadequate navigation, above all imprecise initiation of final approach as regards height and approach center-line.; 2) confusion of aids; and 3) insufficient checking and comparison of navigational aids and instrument readings (cross and double checks).
The poor reception of ht medium wave beacons and technical defects in LOC receiver No.1 and glide slope receiver no.2 made the crews navigational work more difficult."
Navigational error
Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) - Mountain
» Vanguard hearing: crew records and equipment faults cited, Flight International 14 Nov. 1974 (p. 666)
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
| Status: | Accident investigation report completed and information captured |
| Date: | Tuesday 10 April 1973 |
| Time: | 10:13 |
| Type: |  Vickers 952 Vanguard |
| Operator: | Invicta International Airways |
| Registration: | G-AXOP |
| MSN: | 745 |
| First flight: | 1962-05-01 (11 years) |
| Total airframe hrs: | 16367 |
| Engines: | 4 Rolls-Royce Tyne 512 |
| Crew: | Fatalities: 4 / Occupants: 6 |
| Passengers: | Fatalities: 104 / Occupants: 139 |
| Total: | Fatalities: 108 / Occupants: 145 |
| Aircraft damage: | Destroyed |
| Aircraft fate: | Written off (damaged beyond repair) |
| Location: | 15 km (9.4 mls) S of Basel/Mulhouse Airport (BSL) ( Switzerland)
|
| Phase: | Approach (APR) |
| Nature: | Int'l Non Scheduled Passenger |
| Departure airport: | Bristol Airport (BRS/EGGD), United Kingdom |
| Basel/Mulhouse Airport (BSL/LFSB), France | |
| Flightnumber: | 435 |
The Invicta International Airlines Vickers Vanguard was operating on a charter flight from Bristol (BRS) to Basle Mulhouse (BSL). After entering the Basle Mulhouse terminal area, the flight was cleared to continue to the BN NDB. Weather was poor at that time: cloud base at 120 m (390 feet) and a reported runway visual range of 700 (2300 feet) and 1300 m (4250 feet). On arrival at the BN beacon the crew were cleared to descend to 2500 feet and were asked to report over the MN beacon before making a 90 degree left hand turn to finals for runway 16. At 09:56 the crew reported at 2500 feet, followed by a position report of the MN beacon at 09:57:40. When on finals over the BN beacon, the crew reported turning outbound and said they would report at the MN beacon again for another approach. When the crew reported overhead the BN beacon again, the plane was in fact overhead the airfield, flying parallel to the ILS localizer beam. After 1,5 minute the aircraft began to overshoot, correctly making an initial turn to the west. The crew, now flying well south of the field, were instructed to report back over the MN beacon. When reporting over the MN beacon again, before it would have to turn left for finals, the plane was in fact overhead the BS beacon, a beacon located to the south of runway 16. At 10:11:25 the crew reported over the BN beacon on finals and was cleared to land. In fact the plane was now flying 3 miles South of the field and 1 mile west of the extended centerline. Two miles further on Basle ATC asked the crew "Are you sure you are over the BN?". The captain replied "I think I've got a spurious indication. We are on the LO... on the ILS now, sir". Half a minute later the captain radioed "BN is established on localizer and glide path; the ADF's all over the place in this weather." Last radio contact was when the captain reported at 1400 feet, to which ATC replied that the flight was probably to the south of the airport. At 10:13 the plane brushed against a wooded range of hills and crashed 15 km from the airport. The aircraft disintegrated, except for the tail section, were most of the survivors were found.
Probable Cause:
PROBABLE CAUSE: "A loss of orientation during two ILS approaches carried out under instrument flight conditions. The following factors contributed to the occurrence of the accident:
1) inadequate navigation, above all imprecise initiation of final approach as regards height and approach center-line.; 2) confusion of aids; and 3) insufficient checking and comparison of navigational aids and instrument readings (cross and double checks).
The poor reception of ht medium wave beacons and technical defects in LOC receiver No.1 and glide slope receiver no.2 made the crews navigational work more difficult."
Accident investigation:
 |
|
Classification:
Navigational error
Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) - Mountain
Sources:
» The Basle Vanguard accident, Flight International 18 Sep. 1975 (p. 404-405)» Vanguard hearing: crew records and equipment faults cited, Flight International 14 Nov. 1974 (p. 666)
Photos
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
accident date: 10-04-1973
type: Vickers 952 Vanguard
registration: G-AXOP
Map
This map shows the airport of departure and the intended destination of the flight. The line between the airports does not display the exact flight path.
Distance from Bristol Airport to Basel/Mulhouse Airport as the crow flies is 845 km (528 miles).
Accident location: Approximate; accuracy within a few kilometers.
Distance from Bristol Airport to Basel/Mulhouse Airport as the crow flies is 845 km (528 miles).
Accident location: Approximate; accuracy within a few kilometers.
This information is not presented as the Flight Safety Foundation or the Aviation Safety Network’s opinion as to the cause of the accident. It is preliminary and is based on the facts as they are known at this time.
The Aviation Safety Network is an exclusive service provided by:
Quick Links:
| ASN Home | Send Correction / Feedback |
| FSF Home | Disclaimer | Copyright |
| Contact Us | Privacy Policy |
| Press / Media |
CONNECT WITH US:
©2023 Flight Safety Foundation