Runway excursion Accident Airbus A310-221 5N-AUF, Sunday 14 April 1991

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Date:	Sunday 14 April 1991
Time:	11:18
Type:	Airbus A310-221
Owner/operator:	Nigeria Airways
Registration:	5N-AUF
MSN:	285
Year of manufacture:	1983
Total airframe hrs:	8415 hours
Fatalities:	Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 125
Other fatalities:	0
Aircraft damage:	Substantial, repaired
Category:	Accident
Location:	Lagos-Murtala Muhammed International Airport (LOS/DNMM) - Nigeria
Phase:	Landing
Nature:	Passenger - Scheduled
Departure airport:	Kaduna
Destination airport:	Lagos
Confidence Rating:	Accident investigation report completed and information captured

Narrative:
Nigeria Airways flight 471 suffered a runway excursion after landing on runway 19L at Lagos-Murtala Muhammed International Airport (LOS).
The aircraft overran by 375 m and the nose gear collapsed.

CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
The probable cause of the accident is the chain reactions from the oversight of selecting the ground spoilers in the ARM position or deploying them manually when on ground.

The first contributory factor to the accident is the absence of the thrust reverser, which could have activated the ground spoilers even if it had not been previously selected in the ARM position. The deployment of the reverse thrust buckets could have also contributed immensely to decelerate the aircraft in addition to the effect of the ground spoilers.

The second contributory factor to the accident is the touchdown point. Since the crew is well aware of the deactivation of the reverse thrust, and also aware of the contamination aspect of the runway surface, it could have selected to touchdown at the very beginning of the runway as opposed to 2,743 ft from the threshold, or elected to land on the alternate but longer runway 19R.

The third contributory factor is the fact that the aircraft went into a reverted rubber aquaplaning which increased the required landing distance and also prevented an effective deceleration of the aircraft in the adverse circumstances.

Accident investigation: