Date:	26-DEC-2013
Time:	18:20
Type:	Cessna 172K Skyhawk
Owner/operator:	Private
Registration:	N251JM
MSN:	17259188
Fatalities:	Fatalities: 2 / Occupants: 2
Aircraft damage:	Written off (damaged beyond repair)
Category:	Accident
Location:	Fresno Chandler Executive Airport (FFCH), Fresno, CA -   United States of America
Phase:	Approach
Nature:	Private
Departure airport:	Tehachapi, CA (KTSP)
Destination airport:	Fresno, CA (FCH)
Investigating agency:	NTSB
Confidence Rating:	Accident investigation report completed and information captured

Narrative:
The non-instrument rated pilot was on a cross-country flight in dark night, hazy, visual flight rules conditions. As the pilot approached his intended destination airport, witnesses observed the pilot attempt to land the airplane three times. During the third attempt to land, the airplane struck a 62-ft-tall tree with the left wingtip; the tree was located about 1,400 ft from the approach end of the runway. The airplane then continued to fly over the runway and entered a left turn. Subsequently, the airplane descended rapidly into the ground. Wreckage and impact signatures were consistent with a near-vertical impact with the ground. Examination of the wreckage revealed no evidence of any preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures.
Review of the pilot’s Federal Aviation Administration medical records revealed that the pilot had not reported any medical conditions. However, according to the pilot’s personal medical records, the pilot had elevated cholesterol, gout, high blood pressure, and chronic depression that was in remission; all were adequately controlled and the medications being used were unlikely to impair the pilot’s performance.

Although the pilot’s corrected visual acuity remained 20/20 bilaterally, he had complained to his optometrist of vision problems with halos around stars. Annual exams documented progression of bilateral cataracts and vitreous opacities in the 4 years before the accident. Cataracts can cause halos around points of light (glare) and degrade night vision. A witness, who was based at the pilot’s home airport, reported that the pilot recently had problems taxiing on a familiar lighted runway and taxiway at night. The witness reported that he had to drive his truck onto the taxiway and use the truck’s headlights to allow the pilot to find his way off the runway. Based on the pilot’s 4-year history of progressive bilateral cataracts, complaints of halos around stars at night, prior difficulty operating the airplane at night on his lighted home airport runway, and his unsuccessful attempts to land on this unfamiliar runway at night, it is likely that cataracts degraded his ability to see clearly at night and resulted in his inability to safely operate the airplane during the accident sequence.

Probable Cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from trees while on approach, which subsequently led to a loss of airplane control. Also causal was the pilot’s continued operation of the airplane at night with a diagnosed medical condition that degraded his night vision.

NTSB
FAA register: http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=251JM



Safety recommendation A-16-15 issued 14 July 2016 by NTSB to FAA
Safety recommendation A-16-16 issued 14 July 2016 by NTSB to FAA
Safety recommendation A-16-17 issued 14 July 2016 by NTSB to AOPA

Date/time	Contributor	Updates
27-Dec-2013 05:33	Geno	Added
27-Dec-2013 05:48	Geno	Updated [Aircraft type, Source, Narrative]
27-Dec-2013 18:03	Geno	Updated [Aircraft type, Registration, Cn, Operator, Source]
27-Dec-2013 20:20	Anon.	Updated [Location]
27-Dec-2013 20:41	TC	Updated [Location, Narrative]
28-Dec-2013 00:04	Geno	Updated [Departure airport, Source, Narrative]
09-Jan-2014 07:48	Geno	Updated [Time, Location, Departure airport, Destination airport, Source, Narrative]
21-Dec-2016 19:28	ASN Update Bot	Updated [Time, Damage, Category, Investigating agency]
29-Nov-2017 09:27	ASN Update Bot	Updated [Operator, Other fatalities, Departure airport, Destination airport, Source, Narrative]